RISCO CARDIOVASCULAR E ACTIVIDADE FÍSICA: estudos em Moçambique
Keywords:
factor de risco cardiovascular, obesidade, exercício físico, aptidão físicaAbstract
The knowledge of the prevalence of the cardiovascular risk factors is crucial during the epidemiological transition that affects countries like Mozambique. The results from a national survey conducted in 2005 showed that hypertension was the most important risk factor, diabetes and obesity were yet not so frequent, and tobacco and alcohol consumptions deserved attention. A new national survey was conducted in 2015, but results are not available yet. Concerning the relationship between physical activity/fitness and cardiovascular risk factors, observational studies with children/adolescents reported inversed associations in the urban as well as the rural zone. Among adults, this inverse relationship was observed only regarding obesity. Considering the interventional studies, one showed that a single session of resistance exercise decreases nighttime blood pressure, while two studies with chronic aerobic training reported controversial results. The available literature still shows a low prevalence of cardiovascular risk factor in Mozambique, however, data are from 2005, and needs to be updated. Although observed in children/adolescents, the classical inverse relationship between physical activity/fitness and cardiovascular risk must be checked in Mozambican adults. To finish, the benefits of interventions with exercise on cardiovascular risk factors must be clarified in this population. These are lacunas that need to be investigated in Mozambique.
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